Florfenicol, ib tug hluavtaws monofluorinated derivative ntawm thiamphenicol, yog ib tug tshiab broad-spectrum antibacterial tshuaj ntawm chloramphenicol rau veterinary siv, uas tau ntse tsim nyob rau hauv lub lig 1980s.
Nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv ntawm cov kab mob nquag, ntau npua teb siv florfenicol nquag los tiv thaiv lossis kho cov kab mob npua.Txawm tias muaj kab mob dab tsi, txawm tias pab pawg twg los yog theem twg, qee cov neeg ua liaj ua teb siv super-dose florfenicol los kho lossis tiv thaiv kab mob.Florfenicol tsis yog panacea.Nws yuav tsum tau siv tsim nyog kom ua tiav cov txiaj ntsig xav tau.Cov hauv qab no yog cov lus qhia ntxaws ntxaws rau kev nkag siab zoo ntawm kev siv florfenicol, vam tias yuav pab tau txhua tus:
1. Antibacterial thaj chaw ntawm florfenicol
(1) Florfenicol yog cov tshuaj tua kab mob uas muaj cov kab mob dav dav tiv thaiv ntau yam kab mob Gram-zoo thiab tsis zoo thiab mycoplasma.Cov kab mob rhiab heev muaj xws li bovine thiab porcine Haemophilus, Shigella dysenteriae, Salmonella, Escherichia coli, Pneumococcus, Influenza bacillus, Streptococcus, Staphylococcus aureus, Chlamydia, Leptospira, Rickettsia, thiab lwm yam zoo inhibitory nyhuv.
(2) Kev ntsuam xyuas hauv vitro thiab hauv vivo qhia tau tias nws cov tshuaj tua kab mob yog qhov zoo dua li cov tshuaj tua kab mob tam sim no, xws li thiamphenicol, oxytetracycline, tetracycline, ampicillin thiab tam sim no siv quinolones.
(3) Kev ua haujlwm sai, florfenicol tuaj yeem ncav cuag kev kho mob concentration hauv cov ntshav 1 teev tom qab txhaj tshuaj intramuscular, thiab cov tshuaj siab tshaj plaws tuaj yeem ncav cuag hauv 1.5-3 teev;kev ua haujlwm ntev, cov tshuaj ntshav muaj txiaj ntsig zoo tuaj yeem khaws cia rau ntau tshaj 20 teev tom qab kev tswj hwm.
(4) Nws tuaj yeem nkag mus rau hauv cov ntshav-hlwb barrier, thiab nws cov kev kho mob ntawm cov tsiaj kab mob meningitis tsis piv rau lwm cov tshuaj tua kab mob.
(5) Nws tsis muaj tshuaj lom thiab cov kev mob tshwm sim thaum siv rau hauv qhov pom zoo, kov yeej kev phom sij ntawm aplastic anemia thiab lwm yam tshuaj lom los ntawm thiamphenicol, thiab yuav tsis ua mob rau tsiaj thiab zaub mov.Nws yog siv rau kev kis kab mob ntawm ntau qhov chaw ntawm lub cev los ntawm cov kab mob hauv cov tsiaj.Kev kho mob ntawm npua, suav nrog kev tiv thaiv thiab kev kho mob ntawm cov kab mob ua pa, mob meningitis, pleurisy, mastitis, kab mob hauv plab thiab tom qab yug me nyuam hauv npua.
2. Cov kab mob cuam tshuam ntawm florfenicol thiab nyiam florfenicol swine kab mob
(1) npua kab mob uas florfenicol nyiam
Cov khoom no raug pom zoo raws li cov tshuaj ntawm kev xaiv rau swine pneumonia, porcine infectious pleuropneumonia thiab Haemophilus parasuis kab mob, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog rau kev kho mob ntawm cov kab mob resistant fluoroquinolones thiab lwm yam tshuaj tua kab mob.
(2) Florfenicol kuj tseem siv tau los kho cov kab mob swine nram qab no
Nws kuj tseem siv tau los kho cov kab mob ua pa los ntawm ntau yam Streptococcus (mob ntsws), Bordetella bronchiseptica (atrophic rhinitis), Mycoplasma pneumoniae (swine asthma), thiab lwm yam.;salmonellosis (piglet paratyphoid), colibacillosis (piglet hawb pob) kab mob ntawm plab hnyuv xws li enteritis tshwm sim los ntawm daj raws plab, kab mob dawb, kab mob piglet edema) thiab lwm yam kab mob rhiab heev.Florfenicol tuaj yeem siv rau kev kho mob ntawm cov kab mob swine, tab sis nws tsis yog cov tshuaj xaiv rau cov kab mob swine, yog li nws yuav tsum tau siv nrog ceev faj.
3. Kev siv tsis raug ntawm florfenicol
(1) Cov koob tshuaj loj dhau los yog tsawg dhau.Qee qhov kev noj tshuaj sib xyaw ua ke nce mus txog 400 mg / kg, thiab cov koob txhaj tshuaj ncav cuag 40-100 mg / kg, lossis ntau dua.Qee qhov me me li 8 ~ 15mg / kg.Cov koob tshuaj loj yog tshuaj lom, thiab koob tshuaj me me tsis muaj txiaj ntsig.
(2) Lub sijhawm ntev dhau lawm.Qee lub sij hawm ntev siv tshuaj ntau yam tsis muaj kev txwv.
(3) Kev siv cov khoom thiab theem tsis raug.Cov poj niam cev xeeb tub thiab cov npua rog rog siv cov tshuaj no tsis raug cai, ua rau muaj tshuaj lom lossis tshuaj lom, ua rau tsis muaj kev nyab xeeb thiab khoom noj khoom haus.
(4) Kev tsis sib haum xeeb.Qee tus neeg feem ntau siv florfenicol ua ke nrog sulfonamides thiab cephalosporins.Seb nws yog scientific thiab tsim nyog yog tsim nyog tshawb nrhiav.
(5) Kev noj zaub mov sib xyaw thiab kev tswj hwm tsis sib npaug, ua rau tsis muaj txiaj ntsig ntawm kev siv tshuaj lossis tshuaj lom.
4. Kev siv florfenicol ceev faj
(1) Cov khoom no yuav tsum tsis txhob ua ke nrog macrolides (xws li tylosin, erythromycin, roxithromycin, tilmicosin, guitarmycin, azithromycin, clarithromycin, thiab lwm yam), lincosamide (xws li lincomycin, clindamycin) thiab diterpenoid semi-synthetic tshuaj tua kab mob, Tiamulin. thaum ua ke tuaj yeem tsim cov nyhuv antagonistic.
(2) Cov khoom no tsis tuaj yeem siv ua ke nrog β-lactone amines (xws li penicillins, cephalosporins) thiab fluoroquinolones (xws li enrofloxacin, ciprofloxacin, thiab lwm yam), vim tias cov khoom no yog ib qho inhibitor ntawm cov kab mob protein synthetic sai-acting bacteriostatic agent. , tom kawg yog cov kab mob ceev ceev thaum lub sij hawm yug me nyuam.Nyob rau hauv qhov kev txiav txim ntawm tus qub, cov kab mob protein synthesis yog sai inhibited, cov kab mob nres loj hlob thiab multiplying, thiab cov bactericidal nyhuv ntawm lub tom kawg yog tsis muaj zog.Yog li ntawd, thaum txoj kev kho yuav tsum tau ua kom tsis muaj menyuam sai, nws tsis tuaj yeem siv ua ke.
(3) Cov khoom no tsis tuaj yeem tov nrog sulfadiazine sodium rau kev txhaj tshuaj intramuscular.Nws yuav tsum tsis txhob siv ua ke nrog cov tshuaj alkaline thaum siv qhov ncauj lossis intramuscularly, kom tsis txhob decomposition thiab tsis ua haujlwm.Nws kuj tsis tsim nyog rau kev txhaj tshuaj nrog tetracycline hydrochloride, kanamycin, adenosine triphosphate, coenzyme A, thiab lwm yam., kom tsis txhob nag lossis daus thiab txo qhov ua tau zoo.
(4) Cov leeg nqaij degeneration thiab necrosis tuaj yeem tshwm sim tom qab txhaj tshuaj intramuscular.Yog li ntawd, nws tuaj yeem raug txhaj tshuaj nyob rau hauv cov leeg sib sib zog nqus ntawm caj dab thiab pob tw, thiab nws tsis pom zoo kom rov txhaj tshuaj ntawm tib qhov chaw.
(5) Vim hais tias cov khoom no yuav muaj embryotoxicity, nws yuav tsum tau siv nrog ceev faj nyob rau hauv cev xeeb tub thiab lactating sows.
(6) Thaum lub cev kub ntawm cov npua mob siab, nws tuaj yeem siv ua ke nrog cov tshuaj tua kab mob antipyretic thiab dexamethasone, thiab cov nyhuv zoo dua.
(7) Hauv kev tiv thaiv thiab kho mob porcine respiratory syndrome (PRDC), qee cov neeg pom zoo kom siv cov florfenicol thiab amoxicillin, florfenicol thiab tylosin, thiab florfenicol thiab tylosin.Tsim nyog, vim hais tias los ntawm ib tug pharmacological taw tes ntawm view, ob tsis tuaj yeem siv ua ke.Txawm li cas los xij, florfenicol tuaj yeem siv ua ke nrog tetracyclines xws li doxycycline.
(8) Cov khoom no muaj hematological toxicity.Txawm hais tias nws yuav tsis ua rau irreversible pob txha pob txha aplastic anemia, reversible inhibition ntawm erythropoiesis tshwm sim los ntawm nws yog ntau tshaj li ntawm chloramphenicol (neeg xiam).Nws yog contraindicated nyob rau hauv lub sij hawm txhaj tshuaj tiv thaiv los yog cov tsiaj muaj zog tiv thaiv kab mob.
(9) Kev siv mus ntev yuav ua rau lub plab zom mov thiab vitamin tsis txaus lossis cov tsos mob ntawm tus kab mob superinfection.
(10) Hauv kev tiv thaiv thiab kho tus kab mob swine, yuav tsum tau saib xyuas, thiab cov tshuaj yuav tsum tau muab coj los ua raws li kev siv tshuaj thiab kev kho mob, thiab yuav tsum tsis txhob raug tsim txom kom tsis txhob muaj qhov tshwm sim tsis zoo.
(11) Rau cov tsiaj uas muaj lub raum tsis txaus, cov koob tshuaj yuav tsum raug txo lossis ncua sij hawm tswj hwm yuav tsum tau ncua.
(12) Nyob rau hauv rooj plaub uas tsis tshua muaj kub, nws pom tau hais tias lub dissolution tus nqi qeeb;los yog cov tshuaj npaj tau los nag los ntawm florfenicol, thiab nws tsuas yog yuav tsum tau ua kom sov me ntsis (tsis ntau tshaj 45 ℃) kom yaj tag nrho sai.Cov tshuaj npaj tau zoo tshaj plaws siv li ntawm 48 teev.
Post lub sij hawm: Aug-09-2022