Raws li Lub Koom Haum Ntiaj Teb Kev Noj Qab Haus Huv Daim Ntawv Qhia Txog Kab Mob Malaria Thoob Ntiaj Teb Xyoo 2025, cov neeg mob malaria hauv Asmeskas tau nce 15.7% ntawm xyoo 2015 thiab 2024.
Kab mob malaria yog ib yam kab mob uas kis tau los ntawm cov yoov uas muaj tus kab mob Plasmodium. Txawm hais tias muaj kev siv zog tswj kab mob los, kab mob malaria tseem muaj ntau nyob rau hauv qee qhov chaw ntawm South America, Asia, thiab Africa. Hauv tsab ntawv xov xwm thaum Lub Peb Hlis hauv Science, Jacob Tennison thiab cov npoj yaig tau tshuaj xyuas cov pejxeem genomics ntawm Anopheles (Nyssorhynchus) darlingi, tus kab mob malaria tseem ceeb hauv South America. Cov kws tshawb fawb pom tias Anopheles darlingi tab tom tiv thaiv cov tshuaj tua kab.
Tennessen thiab nws cov npoj yaig tau txheeb xyuas cov genomes ntawm 1,094 tus yoov tshaj cum los ntawm rau lub tebchaws (Brazil, Colombia, French Guiana, Guyana, Peru, thiab Venezuela). Lawv pom muaj kev hloov pauv ntawm cov noob caj noob ces rov tshwm sim hauv cov pej xeem nyob ze, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog nyob rau hauv lub qhov rais 150-kb uas muaj rau lub noob caj noob ces uas encoded cytochrome P450. Kev hloov pauv hauv cov noob caj noob ces P450 yog txuam nrog kev tiv thaiv rau cov tshuaj tua kab pyrethroid, raws li pom hauv Anopheles funestus thiab Anopheles gambiae hauv sub-Saharan Africa.
Muaj kev paub meej tsis muaj qhov sib piv los ntawm ib lub platform uas muab cov ntaub ntawv tshwj xeeb, kev txawj ntse dag, thiab kev paub txog kws tshaj lij.
Cov kws sau ntawv tau txheeb xyuas qhov kev hloov pauv no ua ib qho polymorphism hauv CYP6AA1 gene, qhov twg ib qho allele encodes threonine ntawm qhov chaw 283, thiab lwm qhov encodes lysine. Txhawm rau sim seb qhov polymorphism no puas ua rau cov yoov tsis kam tshuaj tua kab, cov kws tshawb fawb tau ntes 16 tus Anopheles darlingi qus thiab kho lawv nrog deltamethrin. Cov txiaj ntsig tau qhia tias cov yoov uas nqa cov threonine-lysine polymorphism muaj sia nyob ntev dua li cov homozygous rau threonine lossis homozygous rau lysine. Yog li, cov pej xeem Anopheles darlingi tam sim no tab tom xaiv cov kev hloov pauv uas ua rau nws tiv taus deltamethrin.
Raws li Lub Koom Haum Kev Noj Qab Haus Huv Ntiaj Teb (WHO) "Daim Ntawv Qhia Txog Kab Mob Malaria Thoob Ntiaj Teb Xyoo 2025," cov neeg mob malaria hauv Asmeskas tau nce 15.7% ntawm xyoo 2015 thiab 2024, nrog rau Venezuela, Brazil, thiab Colombia suav txog 75% ntawm cov neeg mob no. Cov kws tshawb fawb txog kab mob ntawm GlobalData kwv yees tias txog xyoo 2026, Brazil yuav muaj ntau dua 160,000 tus neeg mob malaria thiab ntau dua 1.6 lab tus neeg mob tshiab.
Tus yuam sij rau kev tshem tawm kab mob malaria yog nyob rau hauv kev tswj cov kab mob vector. Cov yoov tshaj cum ntawm genus Anopheles africanus tau tsim kev tiv thaiv rau cov tshuaj tua kab pyrethroid, thiab qhov kev tiv thaiv no zoo li hloov pauv ntawm nws tus kheej hauv cov yoov tshaj cum ntawm genus Anopheles dulcis. Raws li kev hloov pauv ntawm kev nyuaj siab txuas ntxiv tsav kev tiv thaiv yoov tshaj cum, kev tswj cov pej xeem yoov tshaj cum yuav dhau los ua qhov nyuaj dua, thiab kev tshem tawm kab mob malaria yuav dhau los ua qhov nyuaj dua. Yog li ntawd, qhov tseem ceeb yuav tsum tau muab rau lwm cov kab mob thiab cov txheej txheem tswj kab mob.
Muaj kev paub meej tsis muaj qhov sib piv los ntawm ib lub platform uas muab cov ntaub ntawv tshwj xeeb, kev txawj ntse dag, thiab kev paub txog kws tshaj lij.
Thov saib peb Txoj Cai Tswjfwm Ntiag Tug kom paub ntxiv txog peb cov kev pabcuam, suav nrog peb siv, ua li cas, thiab qhia koj cov ntaub ntawv tus kheej, koj cov cai txog koj cov ntaub ntawv tus kheej, thiab yuav ua li cas thiaj li tsis txhob koom nrog kev sib txuas lus lag luam yav tom ntej. Peb cov kev pabcuam yog rau cov neeg siv lag luam, thiab koj lees paub tias qhov chaw nyob email uas koj muab yog koj qhov chaw nyob email ua lag luam.
Lub sijhawm tshaj tawm: Tsib Hlis-27-2026
