Cov yoov tshaj cum nyob ntawm no txhua xyoo, yuav ua li cas thiaj zam tau lawv? Txhawm rau kom tsis txhob raug cov tsiaj haus ntshav no ua phem rau, tib neeg tau tsim ntau yam kev tiv thaiv tas li. Txij li kev tiv thaiv tsis siv neeg xws li cov ntaub thaiv yoov tshaj cum thiab cov ntaub thaiv qhov rai, mus rau kev tawm tsam nrogtshuaj tua kabthiab cov tshuaj tua yoov tshaj cum, uas tsis muaj txiaj ntsig tab sis nrov "txhua yam siv tau", rau cov khoom tshiab - lub dab teg tua yoov tshaj cum - uas yog ib pawg sib txawv, pawg twg ntawm cov pab pawg no tuaj yeem ua tiav kev nyab xeeb thiab ua haujlwm tau zoo tiag tiag?
1.Pyrethroid——Ib lub cuab yeej muaj zog rau kev tua neeg tawm tsam
Cov hau kev los daws cov yoov tshaj cum muaj ob hom: kev tshem tawm nquag thiab kev tiv thaiv tsis nquag. Ntawm lawv, kev tshem tawm nquag muaj keeb kwm ntev thiab nws cov txiaj ntsig pom tseeb. Ntawm cov tshuaj tua yoov tshaj cum hauv tsev xws li cov kauj tshuaj tua yoov tshaj cum, cov ntaub thaiv yoov tshaj cum hluav taws xob, cov kua tua yoov tshaj cum hluav taws xob, thiab cov tshuaj tua kab hauv aerosol, cov khoom xyaw tseem ceeb yog pyrethroids. Nws yog cov tshuaj tua kab dav dav uas tuaj yeem tswj tau ntau yam kab tsuag thiab muaj cov nyhuv tua kab mob zoo. Nws txoj kev ua haujlwm yog cuam tshuam cov kab lub paj hlwb, ua rau lawv hloov ntawm kev zoo siab, qaug dab peg mus rau kev tuag tes tuag taw thiab tuag. Thaum siv cov tshuaj tua yoov tshaj cum, txhawm rau kom tua yoov tshaj cum tau zoo dua, feem ntau nws yog qhov tsim nyog los khaws qhov chaw hauv tsev kom kaw kom tswj tau qib pyrethroids ruaj khov.
Qhov zoo tshaj plaws ntawm cov tshuaj pyrethroids yog lawv qhov ua tau zoo heev. Lawv tuaj yeem tua cov yoov tshaj cum nrog qhov concentration qis. Txawm hais tias pyrethroids tuaj yeem metabolized thiab tso tawm tom qab raug nqus los ntawm lub cev tib neeg, lawv tseem muaj qhov lom me ntsis thiab tuaj yeem muaj qee yam cuam tshuam rau tib neeg lub paj hlwb. Kev raug ntev ntev yuav ua rau muaj cov tsos mob xws li kiv taub hau, mob taub hau, kev xav tsis zoo ntawm cov hlab ntsha, thiab txawm tias cov hlab ntsha tuag tes tuag taw. Yog li ntawd, thaum siv cov tshuaj tua yoov tshaj cum thaum pw tsaug zog, nws yog qhov zoo tshaj plaws kom tsis txhob muab lawv tso ze ntawm lub taub hau txaj kom tsis txhob nqus pa nrog cov pyrethroids ntau dhau thiab ua rau muaj kev tsis xis nyob.
Ntxiv mus, cov tshuaj tua kab uas siv rau hauv huab cua feem ntau muaj cov tshuaj tsw qab uas ua rau muaj kev phom sij. Cov neeg uas muaj mob ua xua yuav tsum ceev faj thaum siv cov tshuaj tua kab uas siv rau hauv huab cua. Piv txwv li, tom qab txau tshuaj ntau npaum li cas lawm, tawm hauv chav tam sim ntawd thiab kaw cov qhov rooj thiab qhov rai. Tos ob peb teev ua ntej rov qab los qhib cov qhov rai kom muaj cua nkag tau. Ua li no, ob qho tib si kev tua yoov tshaj cum thiab kev nyab xeeb tuaj yeem ua tau zoo.
Raws li cov kev cai ntawm "Cov Cai Tswjfwm Tshuaj Tua Kab Tsuag" ntawm lub tebchaws, txhua yam khoom siv rau kev tiv thaiv, tshem tawm lossis tswj cov yoov tshaj cum, yoov, thiab lwm yam, uas hais tias muaj cov teebmeem "tua yoov tshaj cum" lossis "tshuaj tua yoov tshaj cum" yuav tsum tau txais daim ntawv pov thawj sau npe tshuaj tua kab thiab cim qhov lom ntawm lub ntim. Yog li ntawd, ntawm no peb xav tias thaum yuav cov khoom tua yoov tshaj cum lossis tshuaj tua yoov tshaj cum, txhua tus neeg yuav tsum paub tus lej ntawv pov thawj sau npe tshuaj tua kab.
Tam sim no, cov tshuaj tua kab pyrethroid uas muaj ntau nyob hauv khw feem ntau yog tetrafluoroethyl pyrethroid thiab chlorofluoroethyl pyrethroid. Cov kev tshawb fawb tau qhia tias chlorofluoroethyl pyrethroid muaj txiaj ntsig zoo dua rau kev tua yoov tshaj tetrafluoroethyl pyrethroid, tab sis tetrafluoroethyl pyrethroid muaj kev nyab xeeb dua. Yog li ntawd, thaum yuav cov khoom tswj yoov, ib tus tuaj yeem ua qhov kev xaiv tshwj xeeb raws li cov neeg siv. Rau cov tsev neeg uas tsis muaj menyuam, cov khoom uas muaj chlorofluoroethyl pyrethroid muaj txiaj ntsig zoo dua; yog tias muaj menyuam hauv tsev neeg, cov khoom uas muaj tetrafluoroethyl pyrethroid muaj kev nyab xeeb dua.
2. Cov tshuaj tsuag tua kab thiab cov kua tua yoov tshaj cum—Lawv tiv thaiv koj los ntawm kev dag cov yoov tshaj cum txoj kev hnov tsw
Tom qab tham txog kev tua neeg ua ntej, cia peb tham txog kev tiv thaiv tsis siv zog. Lub tsev kawm ntawv no zoo ib yam li "Golden Bell Cover, Iron Shirt" hauv Jin Yong cov dab neeg. Nws tsis koom nrog kev sib ntaus sib tua ncaj qha nrog cov yoov tshaj cum tab sis hloov chaw siv qee txoj hauv kev los tiv thaiv cov "tsiaj haus ntshav" no kom deb ntawm peb thiab cais lawv tawm sab nraum thaj chaw nyab xeeb.
Ntawm lawv, cov tshuaj tsuag tua kab thiab cov kua tua yoov yog cov khoom siv tseem ceeb. Lawv lub hauv paus ntsiab lus ntawm kev tua yoov yog txau rau ntawm daim tawv nqaij thiab khaub ncaws, siv cov ntxhiab tsw tsis zoo uas yoov tsis nyiam lossis tsim ib txheej tiv thaiv nyob ib puag ncig daim tawv nqaij kom cuam tshuam rau kev hnov tsw ntawm yoov, tiv thaiv lawv kom tsis txhob hnov tsw ntawm cov ntxhiab tsw tshwj xeeb uas lub cev tib neeg tso tawm, yog li ua tiav cov txiaj ntsig ntawm kev tiv thaiv yoov kom deb.
Muaj coob tus neeg ntseeg tias cov tshuaj tsuag dej paj, uas kuj muaj cov nyhuv ntawm "tso cov yoov tshaj cum", yog cov khoom tsw qab ua los ntawm cov roj dej paj ua cov khoom xyaw tseem ceeb ntawm cov tshuaj tsw qab thiab cawv thiab lwm yam tshuaj. Nws lub luag haujlwm tseem ceeb yog tshem tawm cov av, tua cov kab mob, tiv thaiv kev kub hnyiab thiab txo qhov khaus. Txawm hais tias nws kuj tuaj yeem muaj qee yam kev cuam tshuam rau cov yoov tshaj cum, piv rau cov tshuaj tsuag tua kab thiab cov kua tua yoov tshaj cum, ob qho tib si hais txog cov txheej txheem ntawm kev ua haujlwm thiab cov khoom xyaw tseem ceeb, lawv txawv kiag li, thiab ob qho tib si tsis tuaj yeem siv hloov pauv.
3. Cov hlua tes tiv thaiv yoov tshaj cum thiab cov ntaub nplaum tiv thaiv yoov tshaj cum—Seb lawv puas ua haujlwm tau zoo lossis tsis ua haujlwm nyob ntawm cov khoom xyaw tseem ceeb
Nyob rau xyoo tas los no, ntau yam khoom siv tua yoov tshaj cum hauv khw tau dhau los ua ntau yam. Ntau yam khoom siv tua yoov tshaj cum xws li daim ntaub tua yoov tshaj cum, cov hlua khi tua yoov tshaj cum, cov moos saib tua yoov tshaj cum, cov hlua tes tua yoov tshaj cum, thiab cov hlua khi tua yoov tshaj cum tau nrov heev ntawm ntau tus neeg, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog cov niam txiv ntawm cov menyuam, vim tias lawv tsis tas yuav kov daim tawv nqaij ncaj qha. Cov khoom no feem ntau txuas rau lub cev thiab siv cov ntxhiab tsw ntawm cov tshuaj los tsim ib txheej tiv thaiv ib puag ncig lub cev, cuam tshuam rau cov yoov tshaj cum txoj kev hnov tsw, yog li ua tiav lub hom phiaj ntawm kev tua yoov tshaj cum.
Thaum yuav cov tshuaj tua yoov tshaj cum no, ntxiv rau kev kuaj xyuas tus lej sau npe tua kab, nws tseem yog qhov tsim nyog los xyuas seb lawv puas muaj cov khoom xyaw zoo tiag tiag thiab xaiv cov khoom uas muaj cov khoom xyaw thiab cov concentration tsim nyog raws li qhov xwm txheej siv thiab tus neeg siv lub hom phiaj.
Tam sim no, plaub yam khoom xyaw uas muaj kev nyab xeeb thiab zoo rau kev tua yoov tshaj cum uas tau sau npe los ntawm US Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) thiab pom zoo los ntawm US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) yog: DEET, Picaridin, IR3535/Immergen, thiab Lemon Eucalyptus Oil (OLE) lossis nws cov kua txiv qaub Eucalyptol (PMD). Ntawm lawv, peb yam thawj zaug yog cov tshuaj lom neeg, thaum qhov tom kawg yog cov khoom xyaw los ntawm cov nroj tsuag. Hais txog kev ua haujlwm zoo, DEET muaj txiaj ntsig zoo thiab kav ntev, Picaridin thiab IR3535/Immergen los tom ntej, thiab lub sijhawm ntawm Lemon Eucalyptus Oil txoj kev tua yoov tshaj cum luv luv.
Los ntawm qhov kev xav ntawm kev nyab xeeb, vim DEET muaj qee yam ua rau khaus tawv nqaij, feem ntau peb pom zoo tias rau cov menyuam yaus, cov khoom uas muaj DEET tsawg dua 10% yuav tsum tau xaiv. Rau cov menyuam mos hnub nyoog qis dua 6 lub hlis, cov khoom uas muaj DEET yuav tsum tsis txhob siv. IR3535 / Immergen tsis muaj kev phiv tshuaj lom rau ntawm daim tawv nqaij thiab tsis nkag mus rau hauv daim tawv nqaij, thiab tam sim no tau lees paub tias yog cov khoom siv tua yoov tshaj cum uas muaj kev nyab xeeb uas siv tau txhua hnub. Lemon Eucalyptus Oil tuaj yeem rho tawm los ntawm cov khoom ntuj thiab muaj kev nyab xeeb thiab tsis khaus tawv nqaij, tab sis cov terpene thiab aliphatic hydrocarbon compounds uas nws muaj yuav ua rau ua xua. Yog li ntawd, hauv ntau lub tebchaws European thiab Asmeskas, nws tsis pom zoo rau cov menyuam yaus hnub nyoog qis dua 3 xyoos.
4. Rau cov poj niam cev xeeb tub thiab cov menyuam yaus - Nws raug pom zoo kom siv cov tshuaj tua yoov tshaj cum uas muaj kev nyab xeeb thiab zoo.
Txawm yog tshuaj tsuag tua yoov tshaj cum, dej tua yoov tshaj cum lossis daim ntaub nplaum tua yoov tshaj cum, lawv txhua tus puav leej yog cov tshuaj tua yoov tshaj cum uas muaj tshuaj lom neeg. Txawm hais tias cov tshuaj tua yoov tshaj cum muaj txiaj ntsig zoo thiab yooj yim, rau cov poj niam cev xeeb tub thiab cov menyuam mos hnub nyoog qis dua rau lub hlis, nws tseem pom zoo kom siv cov tshuaj tua yoov tshaj cum uas muaj kev nyab xeeb dua.
Tam sim no, cov khoom siv tua yoov tshaj cum uas muag hauv khw feem ntau muaj xws li teeb tua yoov tshaj cum thiab cov cuab yeej tua yoov tshaj cum uas siv hluav taws xob. Cov duab ntawm lub cuab yeej tua yoov tshaj cum zoo li lub pob ntaus pob tesniv, thiab muaj hluav taws xob siab ntawm cov xov hlau. Tsuas yog co lub "pob ntaus pob tesniv", cov yoov tshaj cum uas kov cov xov hlau yuav raug hluav taws xob tua. Txawm li cas los xij, vim yog hluav taws xob, nws raug pom zoo rau cov neeg laus siv nws. Lub teeb tua yoov tshaj cum siv lub teeb nyiam ntawm cov yoov tshaj cum kom nyiam lawv, ua rau lawv raug nqus, daig, lossis raug hluav taws xob tua, thiab thaum kawg qhuav thiab tuag. Lub zog ua haujlwm ntawm lub teeb tua yoov tshaj cum qis heev, thiab nws tsis cuam tshuam rau kev pw tsaug zog. Tus lej kev nyab xeeb siab heev, tab sis nws yuav tsum tau sau tseg tias nws yuav tsum tau teeb tsa rau ntawm qhov chaw uas cov menyuam yaus tsis tuaj yeem ncav cuag.
Lub sijhawm tshaj tawm: Tsib Hlis-14-2026
