Lub hom phiaj ntawm txoj kev tshawb no yog los ntsuam xyuas qhov ua tau zoo ntawm kev txau tshuaj pirimiphos-methyl hauv tsev loj, uas yog kev sib xyaw ua ke ntawmdeltamethrinthiab clothianidin, thiab clothianidin hauv Alibori thiab Tonga, thaj chaw muaj kab mob malaria ntau heev nyob rau sab qaum teb Benin.
Nyob rau lub sijhawm kawm peb xyoos, kev tiv thaiv rau deltamethrin tau pom nyob rau hauv txhua lub zej zog. Kev tiv thaiv lossis kev tshwm sim ntawm kev tiv thaiv tau pom rau benzodiazepine. Kev cuam tshuam tag nrho rau pirimiphos-methyl tau pom nyob rau hauv xyoo 2019 thiab 2020, thaum qhov ua tau tiv thaiv rau tib yam tshuaj tau pom hauv Djugu, Gogonu, thiab Kandy hauv xyoo 2021. Kev cuam tshuam tag nrho rau clothianidin tau pom 4-6 hnub tom qab raug. Cov dej num seem ntawm pirimiphos-methyl tau nyob twj ywm rau 4-5 lub hlis, thaum cov dej num seem ntawm clothianidin thiab kev sib xyaw ntawm deltamethrin thiab clothianidin tau nyob twj ywm rau 8-10 lub hlis. Qhov ua tau zoo ntawm ntau yam khoom sim tau siab dua me ntsis ntawm phab ntsa cement dua li ntawm phab ntsa av nplaum.
Zuag qhia tag nrho, Anopheles gambiae SL tau yooj yim rau clothianidin tab sis tau qhia txog kev tiv thaiv / ua tau tiv thaiv lwm yam tshuaj tua kab uas tau sim. Ntxiv mus, cov haujlwm seem ntawm cov tshuaj tua kab uas muaj clothianidin zoo dua li ntawm pirimiphos-methyl, qhia txog lawv lub peev xwm los tswj cov kab mob pyrethroid uas tiv taus tau zoo thiab ruaj khov.
Rau WHO lub raj thiab lub khob hliav qab kev kuaj mob, cov pej xeem hauv zos ntawm Anopheles gambiae sensu lato (sl) thiab ib hom kab mob Anophoeles gambiae (Kisumu) uas raug mob los ntawm ntau lub zej zog IRS tau siv.
Pyrifos-methyl capsule suspension yog tshuaj tua kab uas tau tsim nyog los ntawm Lub Koom Haum Kev Noj Qab Haus Huv Ntiaj Teb rau cov tshuab txau sab hauv tsev. Pyrifos-methyl 300 CS yog tshuaj tua kab organophosphorus nrog cov koob tshuaj pom zoo ntawm 1.0 g cov khoom xyaw nquag (AI) / m² rau kev tswj cov kab mob malaria. Pyrifos-methyl ua haujlwm rau acetylcholinesterase, ua rau muaj acetylcholine sib sau ua ke hauv synaptic cleft thaum acetylcholine receptors qhib, yog li thaiv kev sib kis ntawm cov hlab ntsha thiab ua rau tuag tes tuag taw thiab tuag ntawm cov kab.
Kev siv cov tshuaj tua kab uas muaj cov hom kev ua haujlwm tshiab, xws li clothianidin, tuaj yeem pab txhawb kev tswj hwm cov kab mob malaria uas tiv taus pyrethroid tau zoo thiab ruaj khov. Cov tshuaj tua kab no kuj tseem tuaj yeem pab tswj kev tiv thaiv kab, zam kev vam khom plaub yam tshuaj tua kab neurotoxic uas feem ntau siv hauv kev noj qab haus huv pej xeem. Ntxiv mus, kev sib xyaw cov tshuaj tua kab no nrog cov tshuaj tua kab nrog lwm hom kev ua haujlwm kuj tseem tuaj yeem ua rau qeeb qeeb kev loj hlob ntawm kev tiv thaiv.
Qhov kev cuam tshuam ntawm Anopheles gambiae complex rau clothianidin tsuas yog raug soj ntsuam hauv xyoo 2021, ua ntej WHO tshaj tawm cov lus qhia, siv cov txheej txheem zoo los ntawm Sumitomo Chemical (SCC). Cov lus qhia ntawm WHO txog cov txheej txheem kuaj kev cuam tshuam rau txhua tus tshuaj tua kab uas tau tsim nyog tau tshaj tawm, tso cai rau WHO koom tes lub koom haum Universiti Sains Malaysia hauv Malaysia los npaj cov ntawv tshuaj tua kab ntawm ntau yam koob tshuaj thiab ua rau lawv muaj rau cov chaw tshawb fawb.[31] Tsuas yog xyoo 2021 WHO tau tshaj tawm cov lus qhia ntawm kev kuaj kev cuam tshuam rau clothianidin.
Daim ntawv Whatman raug txiav ua tej daim dav 12 cm thiab ntev 15 cm, uas muaj 13.2 mg ntawm cov khoom xyaw nquag clothianidin thiab siv rau kev sim hauv 24 teev ntawm kev ua kom tiav.
Qhov xwm txheej ntawm cov yoov tshaj cum uas tau kawm tau txiav txim siab raws li WHO cov qauv:
Plaub qhov kev ntsuas tau raug kawm: qib kev cuam tshuam ntawm cov pej xeem Anopheles gambiae hauv zos rau cov tshuaj tua kab, qhov cuam tshuam knockdown lossis kev tuag tam sim ntawd hauv 30 feeb, kev tuag qeeb thiab cov txiaj ntsig seem.
Cov ntaub ntawv siv thiab/lossis tshuaj xyuas thaum lub sijhawm tshawb fawb no muaj los ntawm tus sau ntawv sib xws thaum muaj kev thov tsim nyog.
Lub sijhawm tshaj tawm: Cuaj hlis-22-2025