Kev faib cov nyiaj tau los ntawm kev lag luam tshuaj tua kab "luag nyav nkhaus": kev npaj 50%, cov tshuaj nruab nrab 20%, cov tshuaj thawj 15%, cov kev pabcuam 15%

Cov saw hlau kev lag luam ntawm cov khoom tiv thaiv tsob nroj tuaj yeem muab faib ua plaub qhov txuas: "cov khoom siv raw - cov khoom nruab nrab - cov tshuaj qub - kev npaj". Sab saud yog kev lag luam roj av / tshuaj lom neeg, uas muab cov khoom siv raw rau cov khoom tiv thaiv tsob nroj, feem ntau yog cov khoom siv tshuaj lom neeg inorganic xws li phosphorus daj thiab chlorine kua, thiab cov khoom siv organic tshuaj lom neeg yooj yim xws li methanol thiab "tribenzene".

Kev lag luam nruab nrab feem ntau suav nrog cov tshuaj nruab nrab thiab cov tshuaj nquag. Cov tshuaj nruab nrab yog lub hauv paus rau kev tsim cov tshuaj nquag, thiab cov tshuaj nquag sib txawv xav tau cov tshuaj nruab nrab sib txawv hauv cov txheej txheem tsim khoom, uas tuaj yeem muab faib ua cov tshuaj nruab nrab uas muaj fluorine, cov tshuaj nruab nrab uas muaj cyano, thiab cov tshuaj nruab nrab heterocyclic. Cov tshuaj thawj yog cov khoom kawg uas muaj cov khoom xyaw nquag thiab cov khoom tsis huv uas tau txais hauv cov txheej txheem ntawm kev tsim cov tshuaj tua kab. Raws li cov khoom tswj, nws tuaj yeem muab faib ua cov tshuaj tua kab, cov tshuaj tua kab, cov tshuaj tua kab thiab lwm yam.

Cov lag luam hauv qab no feem ntau yog cov khoom siv tshuaj. Vim tias nws tsis yaj hauv dej thiab muaj cov khoom xyaw nquag ntau, feem ntau ntawm cov tshuaj nquag siv tsis tau ncaj qha, yuav tsum ntxiv cov khoom ntxiv tsim nyog (xws li cov kuab tshuaj, cov khoom emulsifiers, cov khoom tawg, thiab lwm yam) ua tiav rau hauv ntau hom tshuaj, siv rau hauv kev ua liaj ua teb, kev cog ntoo, kev yug tsiaj, kev noj qab haus huv thiab lwm yam teb.

01Kev loj hlob ntawm kev lag luam tshuaj tua kab hauv Suav teb

Tshuaj tua kabKev lag luam intermediates nyob hauv nruab nrab ntawm cov saw hlau kev lag luam tshuaj tua kab, cov tuam txhab thoob ntiaj teb tswj hwm kev tshawb fawb thiab kev txhim kho tshuaj tua kab tshiab thiab cov channel muag khoom ntawm cov khoom siv davhlau ya nyob twg, feem ntau ntawm cov intermediates thiab cov neeg sawv cev nquag xaiv yuav los ntawm Tuam Tshoj, Is Nrias teb thiab lwm lub tebchaws, Tuam Tshoj thiab Is Nrias teb tau dhau los ua qhov chaw tsim khoom tseem ceeb ntawm cov tshuaj tua kab intermediates thiab cov neeg sawv cev nquag hauv ntiaj teb.

Cov khoom tsim tawm ntawm cov tshuaj tua kab hauv Suav teb tseem muaj kev loj hlob qis, nrog rau qhov nruab nrab txhua xyoo kev loj hlob ntawm 1.4% txij li xyoo 2014 txog 2023. Cov tuam txhab tsim tshuaj tua kab hauv Suav teb raug cuam tshuam loj heev los ntawm txoj cai, thiab qhov kev siv peev xwm tag nrho yog qis. Cov tshuaj tua kab hauv Suav teb tuaj yeem ua tau raws li qhov xav tau ntawm kev lag luam tshuaj tua kab, tab sis qee cov tshuaj tseem yuav tsum tau xa tuaj. Qee qhov ntawm lawv yog tsim tawm hauv Suav teb, tab sis qhov ntau lossis qhov zoo tsis tuaj yeem ua tau raws li qhov yuav tsum tau ua; Lwm qhov ntawm Suav teb tseem tsis tau tsim tawm.

Txij li xyoo 2017 los, qhov kev thov rau cov tshuaj tua kab hauv Suav teb tau poob qis heev, thiab qhov kev lag luam poob qis dua qhov kev thov poob qis. Feem ntau yog vim muaj kev siv cov tshuaj tua kab thiab chiv uas tsis muaj kev loj hlob, kev siv tshuaj tua kab thiab kev tsim cov tshuaj nyoos hauv Suav teb tau txo qis heev, thiab qhov kev thov rau cov tshuaj tua kab kuj tau txo qis heev. Tib lub sijhawm, cuam tshuam los ntawm kev txwv kev tiv thaiv ib puag ncig, tus nqi lag luam ntawm feem ntau cov tshuaj tua kab tau nce sai sai hauv xyoo 2017, ua rau qhov loj me ntawm kev lag luam feem ntau ruaj khov, thiab tus nqi lag luam maj mam poob qis los ntawm xyoo 2018 txog 2019 thaum cov khoom xa tuaj maj mam rov qab mus rau qhov qub. Raws li cov ntaub ntawv txheeb cais, txij li xyoo 2022, Tuam Tshoj qhov kev lag luam tshuaj tua kab loj yog li 68.78 billion yuan, thiab tus nqi lag luam nruab nrab yog li 17,500 yuan / ton.

02Kev loj hlob ntawm kev ua lag luam tshuaj tua kab hauv Suav teb

Kev faib cov nyiaj tau los ntawm kev lag luam tshuaj tua kab muaj cov yam ntxwv ntawm "luag nyav luag nyav": kev npaj suav txog 50%, cov tshuaj nruab nrab 20%, cov tshuaj qub 15%, cov kev pabcuam 15%, thiab kev muag khoom npaj kawg yog qhov txuas tseem ceeb ntawm cov nyiaj tau los, nyob hauv txoj haujlwm tseem ceeb hauv kev faib cov nyiaj tau los ntawm kev lag luam tshuaj tua kab. Piv nrog rau kev tsim cov tshuaj qub, uas hais txog kev siv tshuab tsim thiab kev tswj tus nqi, kev npaj ze rau kev lag luam kawg, thiab lub peev xwm ntawm lub tuam txhab muaj ntau yam ntxiv.

Ntxiv rau kev tshawb fawb thiab kev txhim kho thev naus laus zis, thaj chaw ntawm kev npaj kuj tseem ceeb rau cov channel thiab kev tsim hom, kev pabcuam tom qab muag, thiab ntau qhov sib tw sib txawv thiab tus nqi ntxiv siab dua. Vim yog kev siv cov tshuaj tua kab thiab chiv tsis loj hlob, qhov kev thov rau cov tshuaj tua kab hauv Suav teb tau txuas ntxiv poob qis, uas tau cuam tshuam ncaj qha rau qhov loj me ntawm kev ua lag luam thiab kev loj hlob ntawm kev lag luam. Tam sim no, Tuam Tshoj qhov kev thov tsawg zuj zus tau ua rau muaj teeb meem tseem ceeb ntawm kev muaj peev xwm ntau dhau, uas tau ua rau kev sib tw ua lag luam ntau ntxiv thiab cuam tshuam rau qhov txiaj ntsig ntawm cov tuam txhab thiab kev txhim kho ntawm kev lag luam.

Tuam Tshoj txoj kev xa tawm ntau npaum li cas thiab cov tshuaj tua kab ntau npaum li cas ntau dua li cov khoom xa tuaj, ua rau muaj kev lag luam ntau dhau. Txij xyoo 2020 txog 2022, kev xa tawm cov tshuaj tua kab ntawm Tuam Tshoj yuav hloov kho, hloov kho thiab txhim kho hauv qhov nce thiab nqis. Xyoo 2023, Tuam Tshoj txoj kev xa tawm cov tshuaj tua kab yog 974 lab daus las Asmeskas, nce 1.94% piv rau lub sijhawm tib yam xyoo tas los, thiab cov tebchaws tseem ceeb uas xa tawm yog Indonesia, Nyiv Pooj thiab Lub Tebchaws Yelemees. Cov khoom xa tawm yog $ 8.087 billion, poob 27.21% xyoo-xyoo, nrog rau cov chaw xa tawm tseem ceeb yog Brazil (18.3%), Australia thiab Tebchaws Meskas. 70% -80% ntawm Tuam Tshoj cov tshuaj tua kab ntau lawm raug xa tawm, cov khoom muag hauv kev lag luam thoob ntiaj teb yuav tsum tau zom, thiab tus nqi ntawm cov khoom siv tshuaj tua kab tau poob qis heev, uas yog qhov laj thawj tseem ceeb rau kev poob qis ntawm cov khoom xa tawm ntawm cov tshuaj tua kab hauv xyoo 2023.