Cov kab mob yoov tshaj cum thiab kab mob yoov tshaj cum yog qhov teeb meem loj thoob ntiaj teb. Cov nroj tsuag rho tawm thiab / lossis roj tuaj yeem siv los ua lwm txoj hauv kev siv tshuaj tua kab. Nyob rau hauv txoj kev tshawb no, 32 roj (ntawm 1000 ppm) tau sim rau lawv cov larvicidal kev ua ub no tiv thaiv plaub instar Culex pipiens larvae thiab cov roj zoo tshaj plaws tau soj ntsuam rau lawv cov neeg laus kev ua ub no thiab tshuaj xyuas los ntawm roj chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) thiab high-performance kua Chromatography (HLC).
Mosquitoes yog ib qhokab tsuag thaum ub,thiab kab mob yoov tshaj cum yog ib qho kev hem thawj rau ntiaj teb kev noj qab haus huv, hem ntau dua 40% ntawm cov neeg hauv ntiaj teb. Nws kwv yees tias los ntawm 2050, yuav luag ib nrab ntawm lub ntiaj teb cov pej xeem yuav muaj kev pheej hmoo ntawm yoov tshaj cum kab mob. 1 Culex pipiens (Diptera: Culicidae) yog yoov tshaj cum uas kis tau cov kab mob txaus ntshai uas ua rau muaj mob hnyav thiab qee zaum tuag rau tib neeg thiab tsiaj.
Vector tswj yog thawj txoj hauv kev los txo cov pej xeem kev txhawj xeeb txog kab mob yoov tshaj cum. Kev tswj cov yoov tshaj cum neeg laus thiab menyuam yaus nrog cov tshuaj tua kab thiab tshuaj tua kab yog qhov zoo tshaj plaws los txo cov yoov tshaj cum. Kev siv cov tshuaj tua kab hluavtaws tuaj yeem ua rau muaj tshuaj tua kab, kev sib kis ntawm ib puag ncig, thiab kev noj qab haus huv txaus ntshai rau tib neeg thiab cov kab mob uas tsis yog hom phiaj.
Nws yog qhov yuav tsum tau ceev nrooj nrhiav lwm txoj hauv kev zoo rau cov khoom siv cog xws li cov roj yam tseem ceeb (EOs). Cov roj tseem ceeb yog cov khoom tsis sib xws uas pom muaj nyob hauv ntau tsev neeg xws li Asteraceae, Rutaceae, Myrtaceae, Lauraceae, Lamiaceae, Apiaceae, Piperaceae, Poaceae, Zingiberaceae, thiab Cupressaceae14. Cov roj tseem ceeb muaj cov sib xyaw ua ke ntawm cov tshuaj xws li phenols, sesquiterpenes, thiab monoterpenes15.
Cov roj tseem ceeb muaj cov tshuaj tua kab mob, tshuaj tua kab mob thiab tshuaj tua kab mob. Lawv kuj muaj cov tshuaj tua kab mob thiab tuaj yeem ua rau muaj kev cuam tshuam neurotoxic los ntawm kev cuam tshuam nrog lub cev nqaij daim tawv, metabolic, kev coj tus cwj pwm thiab biochemical kev ua haujlwm ntawm cov kab thaum cov roj tseem ceeb tau nqus, noj lossis nqus los ntawm daim tawv nqaij16. Cov roj tseem ceeb tuaj yeem siv ua tshuaj tua kab, tshuaj tua kab, tshuaj tua kab thiab tshuaj tua kab. Lawv yog cov tshuaj lom tsawg dua, biodegradable thiab tuaj yeem kov yeej cov tshuaj tua kab.
Cov roj tseem ceeb yog nce nrov ntawm cov neeg tsim khoom organic thiab cov neeg siv khoom ib puag ncig thiab tsim nyog rau thaj chaw hauv nroog, tsev thiab lwm thaj chaw rhiab heev.
Lub luag haujlwm ntawm cov roj tseem ceeb hauv kev tswj yoov tshaj cum tau tham txog 15,19. Lub hom phiaj ntawm txoj kev tshawb no yog los tshuaj xyuas thiab tshuaj xyuas cov txiaj ntsig ntawm cov roj ntsha tseem ceeb ntawm 32 cov roj tseem ceeb thiab tshuaj xyuas cov kev ua adenocidal thiab phytochemicals ntawm cov roj tseem ceeb tshaj plaws tiv thaiv Culex pipiens.
Hauv qhov kev tshawb fawb no, An. graveolens thiab V. odorata roj tau pom tias muaj txiaj ntsig zoo tshaj plaws rau cov neeg laus, ua raws li T. vulgaris thiab N. sativa. Cov kev tshawb pom pom tias Anopheles vulgare yog ib qho tshuaj tua kab mob muaj zog. Ib yam li ntawd, nws cov roj tuaj yeem tswj tau Anopheles atroparvus, Culex quinquefasciatus thiab Aedes aegypti. Txawm hais tias Anopheles vulgaris tau pom tias muaj kev ua haujlwm ntawm larvicide hauv txoj kev tshawb no, nws yog qhov ua tau zoo tshaj plaws rau cov neeg laus. Nyob rau hauv sib piv, nws muaj adenocidal zog tiv thaiv Cx. quinquefasciatus.
Peb cov ntaub ntawv qhia tau hais tias Anopheles sinensis muaj txiaj ntsig zoo li tus neeg tua kab mob tab sis tsis zoo li tus neeg laus tua neeg. Hauv qhov sib piv, cov tshuaj rho tawm ntawm Anopheles sinensis tau tawm tsam rau ob leeg larvae thiab cov neeg laus ntawm Culex pipiens, nrog kev tiv thaiv siab tshaj plaws (100%) tiv thaiv cov poj niam yoov tshaj cum tom tau ua tiav ntawm koob tshuaj 6 mg / cm2. Tsis tas li ntawd, nws cov nplooj extract kuj nthuav tawm cov kev ua larvicidal tawm tsam Anopheles arabiensis thiab Anopheles gambiae (ss).
Nyob rau hauv txoj kev tshawb no, thyme (An. graveolens) pom muaj zog larvicidal thiab neeg laus kev ua si. Ib yam li ntawd, thyme pom larvicidal kev tiv thaiv Cx. quinquefasciatus28 thiab Aedes aegypti29. Thyme tau qhia txog kev ua larvicidal ntawm Culex pipiens larvae ntawm 200 ppm concentration nrog 100% kev tuag thaum LC25 thiab LC50 qhov tseem ceeb qhia tias tsis muaj kev cuam tshuam rau acetylcholinesterase (AChE) kev ua haujlwm thiab kev ua kom detoxification system, nce GST kev ua haujlwm thiab txo 3% GSH cov ntsiab lus.
Qee cov roj tseem ceeb siv hauv txoj kev tshawb fawb no tau pom tib yam kev ua larvicidal tawm tsam Culex pipiens larvae li N. sativa32,33 thiab S. officinalis34. Qee cov roj tseem ceeb xws li T. vulgaris, S. officinalis, C. sempervirens thiab A. graveolens tau nthuav tawm cov kab mob larvicidal tiv thaiv yoov tshaj cum nrog LC90 qhov nqi tsawg dua 200–300 ppm. Qhov tshwm sim no tuaj yeem yog vim muaj ntau yam xws li qhov feem pua ntawm nws cov khoom tseem ceeb sib txawv nyob ntawm seb lub hauv paus chiv keeb ntawm cov roj zaub, qhov zoo ntawm cov roj, qhov rhiab heev ntawm cov kab mob siv, kev cia ntawm cov roj thiab cov txheej txheem.
Nyob rau hauv txoj kev tshawb no, turmeric tsis zoo, tab sis nws 27 Cheebtsam xws li curcumin thiab monocarbonyl derivatives ntawm curcumin pom larvicidal kev ua si tiv thaiv Culex pipiens thiab Aedes albopictus43, thiab hexane extract ntawm turmeric ntawm ib tug concentration ntawm 1000 ppm rau 24 teev 10piidens tseem qhia tawm tsam Culex pipiens. thiab Aedes albopictus.
Cov teebmeem larvicidal zoo sib xws tau tshaj tawm rau hexane rho tawm ntawm rosemary (80 thiab 160 ppm), uas txo cov neeg tuag los ntawm 100% hauv 3rd thiab 4th theem Culex pipiens larvae thiab nce toxicity los ntawm 50% hauv pupae thiab cov neeg laus.
Phytochemical tsom xam nyob rau hauv txoj kev tshawb no qhia lub ntsiab active compounds ntawm cov tshuaj ntsuam xyuas roj. Ntsuab tshuaj yej roj yog ib tug zoo larvicide thiab muaj ib tug loj npaum li cas ntawm polyphenols nrog antioxidant kev ua si, raws li pom nyob rau hauv txoj kev tshawb no. Cov txiaj ntsig zoo sib xws tau txais 59. Peb cov ntaub ntawv qhia tias ntsuab tshuaj yej roj kuj muaj polyphenols xws li gallic acid, catechins, methyl gallate, caffeic acid, coumaric acid, naringenin, thiab kaempferol, uas yuav pab tau rau nws cov tshuaj tua kab.
Biochemical tsom xam pom tias Rhodiola rosea tseem ceeb roj cuam tshuam rau lub zog reserves, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog cov proteins thiab lipids30. Qhov tsis sib xws ntawm peb cov txiaj ntsig thiab lwm yam kev tshawb fawb yuav yog vim muaj kev ua haujlwm lom neeg thiab tshuaj lom neeg muaj pes tsawg leeg ntawm cov roj yam tseem ceeb, uas tuaj yeem sib txawv nyob ntawm lub hnub nyoog ntawm cov nroj tsuag, cov ntaub so ntswg, thaj chaw keeb kwm, cov khoom siv hauv cov txheej txheem distillation, hom distillation, thiab cultivar. Yog li, hom thiab cov ntsiab lus ntawm cov khoom xyaw nquag hauv txhua cov roj tseem ceeb yuav ua rau muaj qhov sib txawv ntawm lawv qhov kev tiv thaiv kev phom sij16.
Post lub sij hawm: May-13-2025