Lambda-cyhalothrin, tseem hu ua cyhalothrin thiab kungfu cyhalothrin, tau ua tiav los ntawm pab pawg AR Jutsum hauv xyoo 1984. Nws cov txheej txheem ntawm kev ua haujlwm yog hloov cov permeability ntawm kab paj paj, inhibit qhov kev coj ntawm kab paj axon, rhuav tshem cov haujlwm neuron los ntawm kev cuam tshuam. nrog rau cov sodium ion channel, ua rau cov kab mob lom overexcited, tuag tes tuag taw thiab tuag, thiab tuaj yeem tsoo cov kab tsuag sai sai.Lambda-cyhalothrin muaj cov yam ntxwv ntawm kev siv tshuaj tua kab dav dav, kev ua haujlwm siab thiab lub sijhawm ntev ntawm cov nyhuv, thiab tsim nyog rau kev tswj xyuas kab tsuag xws li nplej, pob kws, txiv hmab txiv ntoo ntoo, paj rwb, cruciferous zaub, thiab lwm yam.
1 Cov xwm txheej yooj yim
高效氯氟氰菊酯Lub npe Askiv: Lambda-cyhalothrin;Cov mis mos molecular: C23H19ClF3NO3;Kub taw tes: 187 ~ 190 ℃ / 0.2 mmHg;CAS: 91465-08-633 Nr.
Cov qauv khoom yog qhia hauv daim duab 1.
Daim duab 1 Cov qauv qauv ntawm beta-cyhalothrin
2 Toxicity thiab tswj lub hom phiaj
Beta-cyhalothrin muaj kev sib cuag tua thiab mob plab lom, thiab kuj muaj qee yam kev zam thiab tsis muaj kev cuam tshuam.Nws muaj kev tswj xyuas zoo ntawm kev zom cov kab hauv qhov ncauj xws li Lepidoptera larvae thiab qee cov kab Coleoptera, thiab tseem tuaj yeem siv rau kev tswj cov tho-nqus qhov ncauj kab tsuag xws li pear psyllium.Lub ntsiab tswj cov khoom ntawm beta-cyhalothrin yog midges, armyworms, pob kws borers, beet armyworms, heartworms, nplooj rolls, armyworms, swallowtail butterflies, txiv hmab txiv ntoo armyworms, paj rwb bollworms, liab bollworms, cabbage caterpillars, thiab lwm yam nyob rau hauv cov nyom, grassland thiab qhuav teb. cov qoob loo, nws tuaj yeem tiv thaiv thiab tswj cov nyom borer, thiab lwm yam. Siv cov caij nyoog hauv ntau thaj tsam ntawm lub ntiaj teb: Tuam Tshoj, feem ntau ntawm lub Peb Hlis mus txog Lub Yim Hli;Sab Qab Teb / North America, txij lub Peb Hlis mus txog Lub Tsib Hlis thiab Lub Cuaj Hli txog Lub Kaum Ob Hlis;Southeast Asia, txij lub Kaum Ob Hlis mus txog rau Tsib Hlis;Teb chaws Europe, txij lub Peb Hlis mus txog rau Tsib Hlis thiab Lub Cuaj Hli mus txog Lub Kaum Ob Hlis Ntuj.
3 Synthesis txheej txheem thiab lub ntsiab intermediates
(1) Synthesis ntawm trifluorochlorochrysanthemum acid chloride
Trifluorochlorochrysanthemum acid (Kung fu acid) reacts nrog thionyl chloride, desolubilizes thiab rectifies kom tau txais trifluorochlorochrysanthemic acid chloride.
(2) Synthesis ntawm chlorofluorocyanide crude roj
Chlorofluroyl chloride, m-phenoxybenzaldehyde (ether aldehyde) thiab sodium cyanide yog synthesized kom tau chlorofluorocyanide crude roj nyob rau hauv qhov kev txiav txim ntawm catalyst.
(3) Synthesis ntawm beta-cyhalothrin
Nyob rau hauv qhov kev txiav txim ntawm cov organic amines, cov crude chlorofluorocyanide undergoes epimerization los tsim beta-cyhalothrin.
4 Kev lag luam hauv tsev
Raws li Tuam Tshoj Xov Xwm Sib Tham Xov Xwm Sib Tham, txij li lub Tsib Hlis 20, 2022, tus naj npawb ntawm alpha-cyhalothrin kev sau npe yog 45, thiab cov ntsiab lus sau npe yog 81%, 95%, 97%, 96%, thiab 98%.Ntawm lawv, cov ntawv sau npe nrog 95%, 96%, thiab 98% cov ntsiab lus suav nrog ntau feem.
Raws li Tuam Tshoj cov ntaub ntawv tshuaj tua kab sib txuas lus nug, raws li lub Tsib Hlis 20, 2022. Cov ntaub ntawv sau npe hauv tsev ntawm beta-cyhalothrin kev npaj qhia tau hais tias muaj cov tshuaj sib xyaw ib zaug, ntawm 621 koob tshuaj ib zaug thiab 216 yog compounded.Ib koob tshuaj: 621 sau npe, cov kev npaj tseem ceeb yog 2.5%, 2.7%, 5%, 25g / L microemulsion, 5%, 10%, 25g / L, 2.5% dej emulsion, 5%, 2.5%, 25% g / L , 50 g / L EC, 25%, 10%, 2.5% WP, 2.5%, 10%, 25 g / L microcapsule suspension, thiab lwm yam. Compounding mixs: 216 sau npe, feem ntau nrog Acitretin, Acitrate, Thiamethoxam, Imidacloprid, Acetamiprid, Phoxim, Triazophos, Dextromethrin, Pymetrozine thiab lwm yam khoom xyaw.Cov ntaub ntawv tseem ceeb yog: 2%, 3%, 5%, 10%, 22%, 44% aqueous emulsion, 16%, 20%, 25%, 26% EC, 15%, 22%, 30% suspending agent, 2%, 5%, 10%, 12%, 30% microemulsion, 2%, 4% granules, 4.5%, 22%, 24%, 30% wettable hmoov, thiab lwm yam.
5 Kev ua lag luam txawv teb chaws
5.1 Kev sau npe ntawm kev npaj mus txawv tebchaws
Cov koob tshuaj tseem ceeb sau npe yog 25 g / L, 50 g / L, 2.5% EC, 2.5%, 10% WP.
Cov khoom sib xyaw tseem ceeb yog: beta-cyhalothrin 9.4% + thiamethoxam 12.6% microcapsule suspension, beta-cyhalothrin 1.7% + abamectin 0.3% EC, thiamethoxam 14.1% + high-efficiency chlorofluorocarbon Cyperhalothrin 1.2% agent tig 1.5 % EC.
5.2 Tuam Tshoj exports
Los ntawm 2015 mus rau 2019, tag nrho ntawm 582 tuam txhab uas muag exported high-efficiency cyhalothrin technical thiab npaj cov khoom, thiab cov export ntim ntawm lub sab saum toj kaum tuam txhab uas muag accounted rau 45% ntawm tag nrho cov export ntim (5-xyoos tsub zuj zuj).Kaum lub tuam txhab saum toj kawg nkaus tau teev nyob rau hauv Table 2.
Qhov nruab nrab export ntim ntawm cov ntaub ntawv technical yog 2,400 tons / xyoo, thiab lub siab tshaj plaws export ntim yog 3,000 tons / xyoo.Lub ntim export tau nce xyoo los ntawm xyoo 2015 txog 2019. Qhov nruab nrab export ntim ntawm kev npaj lub cev yog 14,800 tons / xyoo, thiab lub siab tshaj plaws export ntim yog 17,000 tons (2017), thiab tom qab ntawd lub ntim export yog ruaj khov;Qhov nruab nrab export ntim ntawm kev npaj yog 460 tons / xyoo, thiab qhov siab tshaj plaws yog 515 tons / xyoo.
Los ntawm 2015 txog 2019, cov khoom siv thiab kev npaj ntawm cyhalothrin raug xa tawm mus rau 77 lub khw.Tsib lub lag luam saum toj kawg nkaus yog Tebchaws Meskas, Belgium, Is Nrias teb, Argentina, thiab Pakistan.Tsib lub lag luam saum toj kawg nkaus suav txog 57% ntawm Tuam Tshoj cov khoom xa tawm tag nrho.(5 xyoos sib sau ua ke).
6 Cov kev lag luam tshiab kawg
Raws li cov ntaub ntawv xov xwm, thaum lub Tsib Hlis 7, 2022, lub sijhawm hauv zos, lub Hoobkas ntawm Indian agrochemical tuam txhab Bharat Rasayan, uas feem ntau tsim cov khoom pyrethroid thiab cov neeg nruab nrab cuam tshuam, tau ntes hluav taws tom qab tawg tawg.
Is Nrias teb yog ib qho ntawm cov neeg tsim tshuaj tua kab tseem ceeb hauv ntiaj teb, ntawm cov uas muaj peev xwm ntawm cov khoom nruab nrab tseem ceeb ntawm cov khoom pyrethroid, methyl betinate thiab ether aldehyde, kuj siab.Xyoo 2021, Bharat Rasayan yuav xa tawm tag nrho ntau dua 6,000 tons ntawm cov tshuaj tua kab tshuaj, kev npaj thiab cov khoom nruab nrab, ntawm 61% yog cov tshuaj siv, 13% kev npaj thiab 26% intermediates (feem ntau pyrethroid intermediates).Raws li ib qho tseem ceeb nruab nrab rau kev sib txuas cov tshuaj tua kab pyrethroid, ether aldehyde muaj ib qho kev thov txhua xyoo ntawm 6,000 tons, uas yuav luag ib nrab yuav tsum tau yuav los ntawm Is Nrias teb.
Txij li thaum lub lag luam hauv tsev rau cyhalothrin yog ze rau nws qhov kawg, thiab lub tuam txhab Indian tsis yog lub tuam txhab tseem ceeb uas tsim cov alpha-cyhalothrin-txog intermediates xws li ether aldehydes, qhov cuam tshuam rau kev lag luam hauv tsev yog me me, thiab nws yog qhov tseem ceeb uas yuav tsum tau them nyiaj. xim rau cov export tsis ntev los no.Cov lus hais.
Post lub sij hawm: Jun-08-2022