Lub hom phiaj ntawm txoj kev tshawb no yog muab cov ntaub ntawv rautshuaj tua kabkev tawm tsam rau kev txiav txim siab ntawm kev tswj hwm kev tawm tsam hauv Togo.
Cov xwm txheej susceptibility ntawm Anopheles gambiae (SL) rau cov tshuaj tua kab siv hauv kev noj qab haus huv pej xeem raug soj ntsuam siv WHO hauv vitro test raws tu qauv. Bioassays rau pyrethroid kuj tau ua raws li CDC lub raj mis kuaj cov txheej txheem. Detoxifying enzyme kev ua ub no tau sim siv cov synergists piperonyl butoxide, SSS-phosphorothioate, thiab ethacrine. Kev txheeb xyuas tshwj xeeb thiab genotyping ntawm kdr kev hloov pauv hauv Anopheles gambiae SL siv PCR thev naus laus zis.
Cov pej xeem hauv zos ntawm Anopheles gambiae sl tau pom tias muaj kev puas tsuaj rau pirimiphos-methyl ntawm Lomé, Kowie, Aniye thiab Kpeletutu. Kev tuag yog 90% ntawm Bayda, qhia txog qhov muaj peev xwm tiv thaiv pirimiphos-methyl. Kev tiv thaiv rau DDT, benzodicarb thiab propoxur tau sau tseg ntawm txhua qhov chaw. Cov qib siab ntawm kev tiv thaiv pyrethroids tau sau tseg, nrog oxidases, esterases thiab glutathione-s-transferases yog cov detoxifying enzymes lub luag haujlwm rau kev tiv thaiv, raws li kev sim ua ke. Cov hom tseem ceeb tau kuaj pom yog Anopheles gambiae (ss) thiab Anopheles cruzi. Ntau zaus ntawm kdr L1014F thiab tsawg zaus ntawm kdr L1014S alleles tau kuaj pom ntawm txhua qhov chaw.
Txoj kev tshawb no qhia tau hais tias yuav tsum muaj cov cuab yeej ntxiv los ntxiv dag zog rau cov tshuaj tua kab mob malaria uas twb muaj lawm (IRS thiab LLIN).
Kev siv tshuaj tua kab yog ib qho tseem ceeb ntawm malaria vector tswj cov kev pab cuam hauv teb chaws Africa [1]. Txawm li cas los xij, qhov tshwm sim ntawm kev tawm tsam rau cov chav kawm tseem ceeb ntawm cov tshuaj tua kab siv hauv kev kho mob hauv txaj thiab tshuaj tsuag sab hauv tsev (IRS) xav kom peb rov xav txog kev siv cov khoom no thiab kev tswj hwm ntawm vector resistance [2]. Qhov tshwm sim ntawm cov tshuaj tiv thaiv tau raug tshaj tawm hauv ntau lub tebchaws hauv West Africa suav nrog Benin, Burkina Faso, Mali [3, 4, 5] thiab tshwj xeeb tshaj yog Togo [6, 7]. Cov kev tshawb fawb tsis ntev los no tau pom tias kev siv cov synergists thiab kev sib txuas ntawm cov tshuaj tua kab ua rau muaj kev cuam tshuam ntawm cov kab mob malaria hauv thaj chaw uas muaj zog tiv thaiv pyrethroids [8, 9]. Txhawm rau tswj kom muaj kev ruaj ntseg ntawm cov tswv yim tswj, kev sib koom ua ke ntawm kev tswj hwm kev tawm tsam rau hauv txhua txoj cai tswj hwm vector yuav tsum raug txiav txim siab [2]. Txhua lub teb chaws yuav tsum txhawb nqa kev siv cov kev tswj hwm kev tiv thaiv los ntawm kev kuaj pom kev tawm tsam [10]. Raws li Lub Koom Haum Ntiaj Teb Kev Noj Qab Haus Huv (WHO) cov lus pom zoo [10], kev tswj hwm kev tiv thaiv suav nrog kev ua raws li peb kauj ruam nrog rau (1) kev ntsuam xyuas ntawm cov tshuaj tua kab mob ntawm cov kab mob vectors, (2) cov yam ntxwv ntawm kev siv zog, thiab (3) kev ntsuam xyuas ntawm lub cev lub cev, nrog rau kev saib xyuas kev ua tau zoo ntawm cov synergist (BOPronyl butoxide). Hauv Togo, thawj kauj ruam, kev ntsuam xyuas ntawm cov tshuaj tua kab uas muaj kab mob malaria vectors, yog ua txhua txhua 2-3 xyoos nyob rau hauv cov chaw xa xov ntawm National Malaria Control Program (NMCP). Qhov kev tiv thaiv lub zog thiab kev ua tau zoo ntawm ob kauj ruam kawg (piv txwv li, cov potentiators piperonyl butoxide (PBO), S, S, S-tributyl trisulfate phosphate (DEF), thiab ethacrynic acid (EA)) tsis tau kawm ntxiv.
Lub hom phiaj ntawm txoj kev tshawb no yog los hais txog peb yam no thiab muab NMCP nrog cov ntaub ntawv ntseeg tau los txiav txim siab txog kev tswj hwm kev tawm tsam hauv Togo.
Txoj kev tshawb no tau ua los ntawm Lub Rau Hli mus txog Lub Cuaj Hli 2021 ntawm cov chaw xaiv NMCP cov chaw xa ntawv hauv peb cheeb tsam kev noj qab haus huv nyob rau sab qab teb Togo (Daim duab 1). Tsib qhov chaw saib xyuas NMCP tau raug xaiv los saib xyuas raws li lawv thaj chaw (ib cheeb tsam sib txawv) thiab cov yam ntxwv ib puag ncig (ntau cov vectors, qhov chaw yug menyuam mus tas li): Lomé, Bayda, Kowie, Anyère thiab Kpeletoutou (Table 1).
Txoj kev tshawb no qhia tau hais tias hauv zos Anopheles gambiae yoov tshaj cum nyob rau yav qab teb Togo tiv taus ntau yam tshuaj tua kab mob rau pej xeem, tshwj tsis yog pirimiphos-methyl. Cov qib siab ntawm pyrethroid kuj tau pom nyob rau ntawm qhov chaw kawm, tejzaum nws cuam tshuam nrog detoxifying enzymes (oxidases, esterases thiab glutathione-s-transferases). Kev hloov pauv kdr L1014F tau kuaj pom hauv ob tus viv ncaus hom Anopheles gambiae ss thiab Anopheles kruzi nrog qhov sib txawv tab sis siab allele frequencies (> 0.50), whereas kdr L1014S kev hloov pauv tau tshwm sim ntawm qhov tsawg zaus thiab pom tsuas yog hauv Anopheles cruzi mosquitos. Cov synergists PBO thiab EA ib nrab rov qab ua rau cov pyrethroids thiab organochlorines, raws li, ntawm txhua qhov chaw, thaum DEF nce susceptibility rau carbamates thiab organophosphates ntawm txhua qhov chaw tshwj tsis yog Anye. Cov ntaub ntawv no tuaj yeem pab Togolese National Malaria Control Program los tsim cov tswv yim tswj xyuas vector zoo dua.
Post lub sij hawm: Dec-23-2024